Chap. 184. Of Cullions Sweet, or Lady-Traces.
This chapter hasn't been proofread yet.
Page 298I. The Names. This Plant is called in Greek, JL *Of#i tiSvi; in Latin, Orchis odor at Ïe-fiiculus odor at us, vel aroma tic us and in English, Sweet Cullions, Sweet Orchis, Sweet Lady-Traces.
II. The Kinds. They are of the Kindred of the Orchis and Ordinis quinti, according to Parkinson : of this Species he makes eight several sorts ; but there are four principal kinds of these Sweet Cullions, viz. τ. Those with one single Testicle or Stone. 2. Those with two Testicles. 3. Those with three and sometimes with four Bulbs. 4. The Creeping or Bastard kind.
III. Of the single bulbed Orchis, there is but one Species, viz. 1. Ore his pufilla odorata, feptufta Clu-fiii, The sweet "Musk Orchis.
IV. Of the double bulbed, there are thice Species, viz. 2. Orchis alba odorata minor, Orchis fpi-ralis minor Lobeiii, The lesser sweet Cullions, or Lady-Traces. 3. Orchis Frifia Lit oralis Lobeiii, Friezland Orchis or Lady-Traces. 4. Chameorchis latifolia Zelandica, Orchis lillijolius Ijobelii, Pseudo Orchis Clusii, The dwarf Orchis of Zeland.
V. Of the treble bulbed Orchis, there are also three Species, viz. 5. Triorchis alba odorata, and odorata major, Trior chis alba Jftrails Lobeiii, The greater sweet Lady-Traces. 6. 'Friorchts lutea Leodienfis, Orchis minor Leodienfis Lobeiii, Lady-Traces of Liege. 7. Triorchis lutea altera Gemmx folio gla-bro, Triorchis lutea tertia Lobeiii, Lady-Traces yellow, with smooth Leaves.
VI. Of the Creeping kind, there is one only Species, viz. 8. Orchis Radicc repente, Small Creeping or Bastard Orchis.
VII. The Descriptions. The first of these. or Musk Orchis, has a Root which consists but of one [small round Bulb, of the bigness of a Pea ; above
which it has long Strings running forth, by which new Plants are encreased. From this Root spring up usually but three small and narrow green Leaves, among which grows up a Stalk of an Hand breadth in height, having a long narrow Spike of pale green Flowers, ending in three Points, and smelling like Musk.
VIII. The second, or Lesser sweet Cullions, have their Roots growing by Couples or Pairs, which arc
\small) and somewhat long' as well as round : from these Roots these LeiTer Lady-Traces, have much smaller Leaves shoot ing forth, and lying next the Ground, than those of the Greater Lady-Ρraces in Sect. 11. following _·, but they arc of the Jame Fajhwn with thoje, and almost like unto a very small Plantane Leaf; the Stalk is not above Jour, jive cr fix inches high, with some small Jhow of little pieces cj Leaves thereon to the Flowers, which are of a white color, dajht over with a thin Blush, standing in thin long Spikes, compassing the Stalky which are of a very sweet Smell.
IX. The third, or Triezland Orchis, or Lady-Traced, has a Root confijiing of two small round Bulbs, from whence spring up two or three small, somewhat long and hairy Leaves, yet shorter than those of the Ribwort Plantane. The Stalk is above a fpan high, viz. about four or five inches,* and bears round about it small yellowish green hlowrrs, much like unto the former, and Jet in the jame Order.
X. The fourth, or Dwarf Zeland Orchis, has a Root consisting of two Bulbs for the moll part, and sometimes of three, which are covered of whitish Coats or Skins, being greenish within, and sweetifi) in Tajle, the lower of them being lank, as in others. It has two Jair, but small Lilly like Leaves, about two inches long, rising up from them _·, and a Stalk about three or Jour inches high, the Flowers being not much unlike the former. This sort is thought to be the Pseudo-orchis Cluliii.
XI. The fifth, or Greater sweet Lady-Traces, have triple bulbed Roots, 'which by chance may sometimes be Jourjold, being round, and longer than any of the former Orchides, with several jhert Fibres springing out round about them, contrary to the modus of all the rest. From this Root come forth several very fid green shining Leaves, like unto the LeiTer Plantane, but sharper pointed, which rise up in September, after the Stalk, with the Flowers, are withered, which do abide green all the Winter, and perish in May. The slender Stalk, which crooketh and windcth it JelJa little, rises up in August, full
Page 299fet for a great length, with many small, white and sweet flowers, com puffing it round, and hanging down round about it.
XII. The fxth, or Lady-Traced of Liege, have a triple bulbed Root, and sometimes Quadruple round and a little long, not much unlike in Shape to some kinds of Pears, the sharperend tending downward into the Ground, of which two are for the most part large, one small, out of which several small Fibres proceed. The Leaves of this are somewhat more like unto those of a broad-leaved Plantane, but yet smaller and narrower, three or four at the bottom of the Stalk, which otherwise is bare, and has none upon it and the Flowers are yellowish, like the others, at the top, one growing above another.
XIII. T7.r seventh, or Yellow Lady-Traces with smooth Leaves, which has a Root composed of three small Bulbs, almost perfectly round, the one jull, the .■ther lank; from which fprmg up longer and fmoot her leaves than thfe of the Friezeland Orchis /// Sect.9. aforegoing, but the Stalks and Flowers are very like them, yellow of color, and pleasantly sweet : the Figure of this Plant Lobel has given us from Cornelius Gemma.
XIV. 'Pre eighth, or Small creeping Orchis, has a Root very unlike all the rest, being long and full of Strings, growine thick together, and interlacing themselves one among another _·, yet have they at the upper part thereof next under the Leaves, (as Camerarius says ) some fiew of small Bulbs β me time■_· to be seen. From these Roots arije Leaves which a* thick and somewhat broad, like Plantane, of a dark green color : the Stalk is ftender, and Jet juU at the top with several white flowers, foot ted with Blood-red Spots. Parkinfpn will have this to come nearer to an Helleborine than an Orchis.
XV. The Places. These all generally grow in dry Grounds, Heaths and waste untill'd Places, in many places of England but are tor the most part nurs'd up wirh us in Gardens.
XVI. The Tunes. They all flower late in the Year, scarcely before August or September.
XVII. The Qualities. They are all (except the last) hot and moist in the second Degree some say hot in the first Degree, and moist in the second. They attenuate, are Stomatick and Hysterick, Alterative, Analeptick and Spermatogenetick.
XVIII. The Specification. They stir up Lust, and cure Barrenness in either Sex.
XIX. The Preparations. You may prepare therefrom, I. Λ liquid Juice. 2. An Essence. 3. Sanguis or Blood.
The Virtues.
XX. The liquid Juice. Taken to 2 spoonfuls or more in Canary, or rather Alicant _·, 1. In the Morning failing. 2. An hour before Dinner. 3. At four in the Afternoon. 4. An hour and half after Supper, just at going to Bed _·, it breeds much Seed, stirs up Lust, strengthens the Instruments of Generation, and cures a simple Gonorrhoea, or Gleet °f the thinner parts of the Seed.
XXI. The Essence. It has all the Virtues of the former, and may be taken in the same Dose, and ac the same times _·, but it is much more powerful J0 all the Intentions, and is effectual to cure even Ulcers of the Prottatac from a virulent Cause.
XXII. The Sanguis or Blood, Pulp of the Roots male by well beating them in a Stone Mortar, 4 pounds : Crums of Rye and Wheat Bread, of each 1 found : tvix them well together, adding a little twite Port Wine, to make them pretty moist : put
Wo a Bolt-head, flopping it well with Cork and ^Pauiih Wax, or Sealing Wax, so that nothing may
tranftire, digest in a warm Balneo or Horse-dungt till the Matter is changed into a Rubicund or Bhody Chyle; then force it strongly out with a Press, putting the expressed Blood into a Balneo Vaporis, that by this second Digestion it may acquire a greater Redness, and some farces may fettle which continue till the Blood becomes absolutely clear, and of a most perfect Red, which then separate from the Faeces by decanting it : put this into a Glass Alembick, and in Balneo Vaporis abftrail some of the thin, clear and limpid Water or Spirit, leaving the Bloody Ex-trail at the bottom of a very red color. This admirably corroborates the Womb, and the Vessels and Instruments of Generation, both in Man and Woman : it is a Specifick to cause Conception in Women, to remove Barrenness and cause Fruitful-ness. It also cures Impotency in Men, and restores them to their Priftin Vigor. Dose 1 spoonful Morning, Noon and Night in Generous Wine.
Botanologia, or The English Herbal, was written by William Salmon, M.D., in 1710.
